Unit 3: Earth's Formation & Early History
Birth of the Universe National Geographic Naked Science Video
EMS Evidence for Big Bang Theory |
Big Bang Theory vs. Law |
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Most Powerful Telescopes |
The Hubble Palette |
EXTRA: Motion of Orbiting Objects in Solar System
Newton's 3 Laws of Motion
First Law of Motion
An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is often called "the law of inertia".
Second Law of Motion
Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object).
Third Law of Motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.
Isaac Newton helped to cement the acceptance of a heliocentric solar system by explaining HOW we were held in orbit around the Sun. Isaac Newton in addition to inventing calculus, also came up with the Theory of Universal Gravitation.
The theory of Universal Gravitation explains that there needed to be a force which kept the planets in motion around the Sun. Newton explained this force to be gravity and invented Calculus to be able to mathematically prove it.
Laws of Motion in Action: Gravity is a force that attracts all objects with mass towards each other. The strength of the gravitational pull depends on the mass of the two objects and the distance between them. The larger the mass of the object, the more gravitational attraction it has. The closer the two objects are to each other, the stronger the gravitational force.
Gravity Videos
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Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
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LAW 1: The Law of Ellipses
ALL OBJECTS TRAVEL AROUND THE SUN ON AN ELLIPTICAL PATH.
Kepler's first law describes the shape of every objects orbit around the Sun as an ellipse. An ellipse is a stretched out circle with two centers called foci. Ellipses come in many shapes and sizes, so describing them can be tricky. To describe the exact shape of an ellipse we must measure and calculate its eccentricity.
LAW 2: The Law of Equal Areas
Describes the speed at which any given planet will move while orbiting the sun. The speed at which any planet moves through space is constantly changing.
A planet moves fastest when it is closest to the sun and slowest when it is furthest from the sun. Yet, if an imaginary line were drawn from the center of the planet to the center of the sun, that line would sweep out the same area in equal periods of time.
LAW 3: The Law of Harmonies
Compares the orbital period and radius of orbit of a planet to those of other planets. Unlike Kepler's first and second laws that describe the motion characteristics of a single planet, the third law makes a comparison between the motion characteristics of different planets. The comparison being made is that the ratio of the squares of the periods to the cubes of their average distances from the sun is the same for every one of the planets.
Simulation: Click Here on Mars to Experience Planning a
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Video Understanding Kepler's Laws |
Video Solar System Dynamics: Orbits and Kepler's Laws
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Click on the Orbiting Planets Picture to Review Kepler's Laws of Orbital Motion
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Quizlet Flashcards Part 2: Motion of Orbiting Objects (Newton & Kepler's Laws)
PART 3: Earth's Formation & Early History
Click here to go through a tutorial on
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Click on the fossils below to go to a website to learn more about the Geological Time Scale. |
Click on the Calendar image to
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Click on the image of Earth to see a neat
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QUIZLET PART 3: Birth of Earth, Geological Time, Radiometric Dating
EXTRA, EXTRA, EXTRA..JUST FOR YOUR INFORMATION (or just for FUN!)
Earth, Moon, Sun Relationships
Revolution of Earth
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